{"id":800,"date":"2012-03-19T20:44:49","date_gmt":"2012-03-19T20:44:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/?page_id=800"},"modified":"2012-04-12T09:09:37","modified_gmt":"2012-04-12T09:09:37","slug":"keys-scutellar-bristles","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/tutorials\/keys-scutellar-bristles\/","title":{"rendered":"Keys: Scutellar bristles"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3>(work in progress)<\/h3>\n<p>The orientation of the scutellar bristles is a very important feature in the keys and these bristles can be misaligned very easily during capture so it usually produces a lot of consternation in novices. This need not be the case if you just follow a few simple rules of thumb.<\/p>\n<p>Here are some examples of specimens with crossed apical scutellars:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/apicals-crossed-Eurithia-connivens-male-dorsal-2011-10-18-20.13.28-ZS-PMax.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-803\" title=\"apicals-crossed-Eurithia-connivens-(male,-dorsal)-2011-10-18-20.13.28-ZS-PMax\" src=\"http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/apicals-crossed-Eurithia-connivens-male-dorsal-2011-10-18-20.13.28-ZS-PMax-225x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/apicals-crossed-Eurithia-connivens-male-dorsal-2011-10-18-20.13.28-ZS-PMax-225x300.jpg 225w, http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/apicals-crossed-Eurithia-connivens-male-dorsal-2011-10-18-20.13.28-ZS-PMax-113x150.jpg 113w, http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/apicals-crossed-Eurithia-connivens-male-dorsal-2011-10-18-20.13.28-ZS-PMax-400x533.jpg 400w, http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/apicals-crossed-Eurithia-connivens-male-dorsal-2011-10-18-20.13.28-ZS-PMax-112x150.jpg 112w, http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/apicals-crossed-Eurithia-connivens-male-dorsal-2011-10-18-20.13.28-ZS-PMax.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 225px) 100vw, 225px\" \/><\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/apicals-crossed-2011-10-18-18.49.02-ZS-PMax.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-802\" title=\"apicals-crossed-2011-10-18-18.49.02-ZS-PMax\" src=\"http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/apicals-crossed-2011-10-18-18.49.02-ZS-PMax-225x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/apicals-crossed-2011-10-18-18.49.02-ZS-PMax-225x300.jpg 225w, http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/apicals-crossed-2011-10-18-18.49.02-ZS-PMax-113x150.jpg 113w, http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/apicals-crossed-2011-10-18-18.49.02-ZS-PMax-400x533.jpg 400w, http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/apicals-crossed-2011-10-18-18.49.02-ZS-PMax-112x150.jpg 112w, http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/apicals-crossed-2011-10-18-18.49.02-ZS-PMax.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 225px) 100vw, 225px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Notice that in species with crossed bristles both bristles usually curve slightly inwards. In species with diverging or parallel scutellars they are usually straight or even curving outwards &#8211; this is a very useful fact when the bristles have been misaligned.<\/p>\n<p>Here are examples with diverging or parallel bristles:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/apical-scutellars-diverging-Ocytata-pallipes-male-dorsal-2011-10-23-19.48.19-ZS-PMax.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-801\" title=\"apical-scutellars-diverging-Ocytata-pallipes-(male,-dorsal)-2011-10-23-19.48.19-ZS-PMax\" src=\"http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/apical-scutellars-diverging-Ocytata-pallipes-male-dorsal-2011-10-23-19.48.19-ZS-PMax-225x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/apical-scutellars-diverging-Ocytata-pallipes-male-dorsal-2011-10-23-19.48.19-ZS-PMax-225x300.jpg 225w, http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/apical-scutellars-diverging-Ocytata-pallipes-male-dorsal-2011-10-23-19.48.19-ZS-PMax-113x150.jpg 113w, http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/apical-scutellars-diverging-Ocytata-pallipes-male-dorsal-2011-10-23-19.48.19-ZS-PMax-400x533.jpg 400w, http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/apical-scutellars-diverging-Ocytata-pallipes-male-dorsal-2011-10-23-19.48.19-ZS-PMax-112x150.jpg 112w, http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/apical-scutellars-diverging-Ocytata-pallipes-male-dorsal-2011-10-23-19.48.19-ZS-PMax.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 225px) 100vw, 225px\" \/><\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/apicals-parallel-Leskia-aurea-male-dorsal-2011-10-20-23.37.04-ZS-PMax.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-807\" title=\"apicals-parallel-Leskia-aurea-(male,-dorsal)-2011-10-20-23.37.04-ZS-PMax\" src=\"http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/apicals-parallel-Leskia-aurea-male-dorsal-2011-10-20-23.37.04-ZS-PMax-225x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/apicals-parallel-Leskia-aurea-male-dorsal-2011-10-20-23.37.04-ZS-PMax-225x300.jpg 225w, http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/apicals-parallel-Leskia-aurea-male-dorsal-2011-10-20-23.37.04-ZS-PMax-113x150.jpg 113w, http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/apicals-parallel-Leskia-aurea-male-dorsal-2011-10-20-23.37.04-ZS-PMax-400x533.jpg 400w, http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/apicals-parallel-Leskia-aurea-male-dorsal-2011-10-20-23.37.04-ZS-PMax-112x150.jpg 112w, http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/apicals-parallel-Leskia-aurea-male-dorsal-2011-10-20-23.37.04-ZS-PMax.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 225px) 100vw, 225px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">[insert photo \u2013 diverging &amp; erect bristles \u2013 <em>Meigenia<\/em>]<\/span><\/p>\n<p>No apicals at all \u2013 note the lack of empty sockets at the tip of the scutellum, showing that this is not a damaged specimen:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/apicals-missing-Pelatachina-tibialis-male-dorsal-2011-10-23-18.06.13-ZS-PMax.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-806\" title=\"apicals-missing-Pelatachina-tibialis-(male,-dorsal)-2011-10-23-18.06.13-ZS-PMax\" src=\"http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/apicals-missing-Pelatachina-tibialis-male-dorsal-2011-10-23-18.06.13-ZS-PMax-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/apicals-missing-Pelatachina-tibialis-male-dorsal-2011-10-23-18.06.13-ZS-PMax-300x225.jpg 300w, http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/apicals-missing-Pelatachina-tibialis-male-dorsal-2011-10-23-18.06.13-ZS-PMax-768x576.jpg 768w, http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/apicals-missing-Pelatachina-tibialis-male-dorsal-2011-10-23-18.06.13-ZS-PMax-150x112.jpg 150w, http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/apicals-missing-Pelatachina-tibialis-male-dorsal-2011-10-23-18.06.13-ZS-PMax-400x300.jpg 400w, http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/apicals-missing-Pelatachina-tibialis-male-dorsal-2011-10-23-18.06.13-ZS-PMax.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Erect apical scutellars \u2013 not a great shot but you can see that they are about 45-degrees to the horizontal when viewed laterally. These are from a <em>Phryxe <\/em>so if you could view them dorsally you would see that they are also crossed:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/apicals-erect-Phryxe-erythrostoma-male-lateral-2011-10-23-23.17.40-ZS-PMax.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-805\" title=\"apicals-erect-Phryxe-erythrostoma-(male,-lateral)-2011-10-23-23.17.40-ZS-PMax\" src=\"http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/apicals-erect-Phryxe-erythrostoma-male-lateral-2011-10-23-23.17.40-ZS-PMax-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/apicals-erect-Phryxe-erythrostoma-male-lateral-2011-10-23-23.17.40-ZS-PMax-300x225.jpg 300w, http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/apicals-erect-Phryxe-erythrostoma-male-lateral-2011-10-23-23.17.40-ZS-PMax-768x576.jpg 768w, http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/apicals-erect-Phryxe-erythrostoma-male-lateral-2011-10-23-23.17.40-ZS-PMax-150x112.jpg 150w, http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/apicals-erect-Phryxe-erythrostoma-male-lateral-2011-10-23-23.17.40-ZS-PMax-400x300.jpg 400w, http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/apicals-erect-Phryxe-erythrostoma-male-lateral-2011-10-23-23.17.40-ZS-PMax.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">[insert photo \u2013 hair-like apicals \u2013 <em>Blondelia nigripes<\/em>]<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Some examples of damaged bristles, starting with a missing crossed apical scutellar \u2013 note the remaining one is strongly curved inwards:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/apicals-crossed-missing-one-Eurithia-intermedia-male-dorsal-2011-10-21-00.53.43-ZS-PMax.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-804\" title=\"apicals-crossed-missing-one-Eurithia-intermedia-(male,-dorsal)-2011-10-21-00.53.43-ZS-PMax\" src=\"http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/apicals-crossed-missing-one-Eurithia-intermedia-male-dorsal-2011-10-21-00.53.43-ZS-PMax-225x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/apicals-crossed-missing-one-Eurithia-intermedia-male-dorsal-2011-10-21-00.53.43-ZS-PMax-225x300.jpg 225w, http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/apicals-crossed-missing-one-Eurithia-intermedia-male-dorsal-2011-10-21-00.53.43-ZS-PMax-113x150.jpg 113w, http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/apicals-crossed-missing-one-Eurithia-intermedia-male-dorsal-2011-10-21-00.53.43-ZS-PMax-400x533.jpg 400w, http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/apicals-crossed-missing-one-Eurithia-intermedia-male-dorsal-2011-10-21-00.53.43-ZS-PMax-112x150.jpg 112w, http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/apicals-crossed-missing-one-Eurithia-intermedia-male-dorsal-2011-10-21-00.53.43-ZS-PMax.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 225px) 100vw, 225px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">[insert photos of more mangled bristles]<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>(work in progress) The orientation of the scutellar bristles is a very important feature in the keys and these bristles can be misaligned very easily&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":822,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-800","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/800","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=800"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/800\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":916,"href":"http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/800\/revisions\/916"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/822"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=800"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}