{"id":153,"date":"2011-08-30T21:24:48","date_gmt":"2011-08-30T21:24:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/?page_id=153"},"modified":"2012-03-20T09:26:27","modified_gmt":"2012-03-20T09:26:27","slug":"new-species","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/tachinidae.org.uk\/blog\/articles\/new-species\/","title":{"rendered":"New species since Belshaw"},"content":{"rendered":"

In the UK tachinds are best identified using Robert Belshaw\u2019s key (Belshaw, 1993). Since its publication there have been a number of new species added to the UK list. This document pulls together the relevant papers on each species and listing the amendments necessary to update the key.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
Year Added<\/td>\nSpecies, notes & Belshaw key amendments<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Anthomyiopsis plagioderae<\/em>\u00a0Mesnil<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2000<\/strong>: Details of the record on which it was included by Chandler (1998) have been published by Ford\u00a0et al.<\/em>(2000).<\/td>\nA parasitoid of chrysomelid beetles and has once been reared in Britain from\u00a0Plagiodera versicolora<\/em>(Laicharting). The Belshaw key amendment appears in Chandler\u00a0et al.\u00a0<\/em>(2001):A. plagioderae<\/em>\u00a0runs to\u00a0nigrisquamata<\/em>\u00a0in Belshaw\u2019s key and can be separated using Tschorsnig & Herting (1994). Amend couplet 123a (page 30) to answer \u2019Anthomyiopsis sp.<\/em>\u2019 and then split each species using the following couplet:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
1<\/td>\n2nd and 3rd section of wing edge hairy below. Arista with fine hairs, the hairs about half as long as the thickened arista base. 3rd antennal segment 1.5 – 2.0x as long as the 2nd. Males: frons 1.4 – 1.9x as long as the face; cheeks at their mid-point mostly a little narrower than the palps, clearly narrowing downwards<\/td>\n\n

nigrisquamata<\/em>\u00a0<\/em>(Zetterstedt)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

–<\/td>\n2nd and 3rd section of wing edge bare below. Arista practically bare, extremely fine hairs only recognizable under the strongest magnification. 3rd antennal segment 2.0 – 2.5x as long as the 2nd. Males: frons 1.2 – 1.4x as long as the face; cheeks at their mid-point wider than the palps, not or hardly narrowed downwards<\/td>\n\n

plagioderae<\/em>\u00a0(Mesnil)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Bithia demotica\u00a0<\/em>(Egger)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
(2006: unpublished – paper in press)<\/em><\/td>\nKnown from a series of specimens collected in 2006 in Portland, Dorset by Ivan Perry.This species keys to\u00a0Bithia modesta\u00a0<\/em>in Belshaw (1993) but specimens of\u00a0B.demotica<\/em>\u00a0are usually a little larger. Use the\u00a0Bithia\u00a0<\/em>key in Tschorsnig & Herting (1994).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Blepharipa schineri<\/em>\u00a0(Mesnil)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2001<\/strong>: Chandler et al. (2001):<\/td>\nIn Belshaw\u2019s key it runs to couplet 170 (page 37) because the scutellum is largely or entirely orange, but the comb of setae on the hind tibia is an obvious difference from the included species. Also tergite 3 lacks discal setae and the female abdomen is not uniformly grey; the katepisternal setae are arranged similarly to\u00a0Erycia furibunda<\/em>\u00a0(Zetterstedt), but the basicosta is black.[CR: Four figures are provided with the article]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Carcelia bombylans<\/strong><\/em>\u00a0Robineau-Desvoidy<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2002<\/strong>: Collins, Gibbs & Raper (2002), courtesy of an identification made by Hans-Peter Tschorsnig.<\/td>\nThere is no Belshaw key amendment as we decided to produce a new key to the genus\u00a0Carcelia\u00a0<\/em>in the UK (see here<\/a>).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Carcelia laxifrons\u00a0<\/em>Villeneuve<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2004<\/strong>: Raper, C.M., Smith, M.N. & Gibbs, G.J., 2006 – Carcelia laxifrons Villeneuve (Diptera, Tachinidae) new to Britain and a revised key to the British Carcelia species.<\/td>\nThis species was added after Peter Tschorsnig in Germany saw an old paper by Phil Sterling and commented to me that it might be worth checking the specimens because he suspected the identificatons were incorrect – based on the host that had been given.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Catharosia pygmaea<\/em>\u00a0(Fall\u00e9n)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1998<\/strong>: Falk (1998), from Warwickshire.<\/td>\nRecords from Kent and Essex have been added by Clemons (1999) and Smith (1999) respectively. The British records are from a railway embankment, downland and estuarine marshes. It is a parasitoid of Heteroptera (Lygaeidae) and may have enjoyed a recent expansion of its range due to climatic factors, like several other members of the subfamily Phasiinae, to which it belongs.Both sexes run to couplet\u00a095\u00a0<\/em>(page 27) in Belshaw\u2019s Handbook, at which point they do not fall comfortably into either couplet 96 (abdomen without distinct bristles) or couplet 97 (abdomen with numerous easily distinguishable bristles). However, both sexes can be separated from all other species between couplets\u00a095\u00a0<\/em>and\u00a0105\u00a0<\/em>by the presence of milky-white apical wing spots, contrasting with an otherwise entirely dark wing membrane (female) or a dark smudge in the subcostal area of the wing (male).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ceranthia tristella<\/em>\u00a0Herting<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1996<\/strong>: Andersen (1996).<\/td>\nSadly, it is not safe to assume that either this species or\u00a0Entomophaga sufferta\u00a0<\/em>(see below) would neatly slot into the appropriate generic couplets in Robert Belshaw\u2019s \u2019unnatural\u2019 key. Before I can assess how the key is affected I must try running a specimen through it and unfortunately I haven\u2019t located a specimen yet.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ceromya flaviseta<\/em>\u00a0(Villeneuve)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1995<\/strong>: Ismay (1998), based on material from Burnham Beeches, Buckinghamshire.<\/td>\nThe biology is unknown, but it is presumably a parasitoid of Lepidoptera as are other members of the genus.The following couplets should be inserted in the key to\u00a0Actia\u00a0<\/em>and related genera in place of couplet5\u00a0<\/em>of Belshaw\u2019s Handbook (page 38). The figure and page numbers refer to the Handbook.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
5<\/td>\nLegs uniformly darkened, very dark red to black, katepisternum (fig. 332) with a line of hairs below the bristles [Abdomen black, vein R1\u00a0<\/sub>with hairs confined to the apical part, anal vein disappearing well before the wing margin, thorax with 4 postsutural dorsocentral bristles]<\/td>\n\n

Actia infantula<\/em>\u00a0(Zetterstedt) (p.100)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

–<\/td>\nLegs yellow, katepisternum without a line of hairs<\/td>\n\n

5a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

5a<\/td>\nAbdomen black, vein R1\u00a0<\/sub>with hairs confined to the apical part, anal vein reaching the wing margin although becoming very thin (fig. 1 57), thorax with 4 postsutural dorsocentral bristles<\/td>\n\n

Aphantorhaphopsis verralli<\/em>(Wainwright) (p.102)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

–<\/td>\nAbdomen black with an extremely narrow yellow posterior margin to tergites 1+2 – 4, vein R1\u00a0<\/sub>with hairs on entire length, anal vein disappearing well before the wing margin, thorax with 3 postsutural dorsocentral bristles<\/td>\n\n

Ceromya flaviseta<\/em>\u00a0(Villeneuve)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Clytiomya continua<\/em>\u00a0(Panzer)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1997<\/strong>: confirmed by Plant & Smith (1997), who recorded it from Essex.<\/td>\nAnother phasiine parasitoid of Heteroptera (Pentatomidae), which was considered doubtfully British in earlier works and it cannot now be established whether this had any basis in fact.In Belshaw (1993) this specimen runs easily to couplet 118 (page 30), which identifies it as eitherLeskia aurea\u00a0<\/em>Fallen or\u00a0Subclytia rotundiventris\u00a0<\/em>Fallen. However, it is clearly neither of these species. On the basis of this single male example, we suggest that the key in Belshaw\u2019s work be modified by the insertion of an extra couplet (117a) between existing couplets 117 and 118, with couplet 117 modified to direct the user to this new couplet as follows:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
117<\/td>\nabdomen almost entirely orange<\/td>\n\n

117a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

–<\/td>\nabdomen with continuous grey or black stripe running down the middle (occasionally a narrow break at the junction of abdomen 1+2 with 3)<\/td>\n\n

119<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

117a<\/td>\nantennae and legs, including coxae, at least partly, and usually entirely, yellow<\/td>\n\n

118<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

–<\/td>\nlegs, including coxae, and antennae entirely black. [Wings orange at extreme base; frons, vertex and dorsal aspect of thorax covered with a distinctive gold dusting]<\/td>\n\n

Clytiomyia continua<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Entomophaga sufferta<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1996<\/strong>: Andersen (1996)<\/td>\n(see my comments on\u00a0Ceromya flaviseta<\/em>\u00a0– above)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Gymnosoma clavatum<\/em>\u00a0(Rohdendorf)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2002<\/strong>: Hans-Peter Tschorsnig (2002,\u00a0pers comm.<\/em>)<\/td>\nAdded to the UK list from records that it had been taken in the Channel Islands. No key amendment available – use Tschorsnig & Herting (1994).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Opesia grandis\u00a0<\/em>(Egger)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n<\/em><\/td>\n		Known from a few specimens collected from 2006 in Cambridgeshire by Ivan Perry.Specimens of\u00a0O.grandis\u00a0<\/em>key comfortably to\u00a0O.cana\u00a0<\/em>in Belshaw but\u00a0cana<\/em>\u00a0is a spring species, while\u00a0grandis<\/em>\u00a0is found in mid-summer. Use the\u00a0Opesia\u00a0<\/em>key in Tschorsnig & Herting (1994).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Paracraspedothrix montivaga<\/em>\u00a0Villeneuve<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2002<\/strong>: Collins, Gibbs & Raper (2002), courtesy of an identification by Hans-Peter Tschorsnig.<\/td>\nIt is found most often in Malaise traps but has also been swept. Although this species is new to the British list we have already seen material collected recently from Solihull, West Berkshire, Oxford and Surrey – on this basis we think it is likely to be very widely distributed. A key amendment is as follows:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
149a<\/td>\nScutellum with the most apical pair of marginal bristles arranged parallel to each other or diverging (fig. 129)<\/td>\n\n

149b<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

–<\/td>\nScutellum with the most apical pair of marginal bristles crossed<\/td>\n\n

150<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

149b<\/td>\nScutellum with two pairs of marginal bristles – apicals and basals. [Abdomen 1+2 with only one pair of median marginal bristles. Grey brown species usually with orange spots on the side of the abdomen]<\/td>\n\n

Solieria<\/em>\u00a0(p. 57)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

–<\/td>\nScutellum with three pairs of marginal bristles – long apicals and basals with a smaller sub-apical pair between them. [Abdomen 1+2 with a row of small marginal bristles, difficult to distinguish from the hairs around them. Dark coloured species with partial, faint grey dusted bands across the tergites.]<\/td>\n\n

Paracraspedothrix montivaga<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Phasia barbifrons<\/em>\u00a0(Girschner)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1999<\/strong>: exhibited at the annual meeting of Dipterists Forum by Laurence Clemons, who found it at a pasture site in Kent in June 1999<\/td>\nIt is a phasiine and, as such, presumed to parasitise Heteroptera. Its build and appearance resemble the common species\u00a0P. pusilla<\/em>\u00a0Meigen, with which it may have been confused in the field. The key amendment appears in Clemons (2001):The key to\u00a0Phasia\u00a0<\/em>by Belshaw (1993, p. 53) can be modified to accommodate\u00a0barbifrons<\/em>\u00a0thus:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
2<\/td>\nThorax with light-grey markings when viewed from above and behind (Fig. 244). [4 – 6mm in length, petiole rarely more than twice the length of crossvein r-m].<\/td>\n\n

obesa<\/em>(p.117)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

–<\/td>\nThorax entirely black. [2 – 5mm in length].<\/td>\n\n

3<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

3<\/td>\nParafrontalia bare outwards to the double row of frontal setae. Haltares black. Female ovipositor fig. 1b, male hypopygium fig. 2b.<\/td>\n\n

pusilla (p.117)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

–<\/td>\nParafrontalia setose outwards to the double row of frontal setae. Haltares yellow. Female ovipositor fig. 1a, male hypopygium fig. 2a.<\/td>\n\n

barbifrons<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

[CR: Four additional figures are provided with Laurence Clemons\u2019 article]<\/p>\n

When using this key it should be borne in mind that some species of the subgenus\u00a0Hyalomya<\/em>\u00a0also have yellow haltares (Ziegler, 1994), and hence it is essential to examine the parafrontalia first.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Phryxe erythrostoma<\/em>\u00a0(Hartig)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2000<\/strong>: Recorded by Ford\u00a0et al<\/em>. (2000) on material reared from\u00a0Hyloicus pinastri<\/em>(Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera, Sphingidae) in Norfolk.<\/td>\nIt is widespread in Europe and hosts include other Sphingidae and species of Lymantriidae and Noctuidae. It could have been overlooked among other\u00a0Phryxe<\/em>, which includes some very common species.The Belshaw key amendment appears in Chandler\u00a0et al.\u00a0<\/em>(2001):<\/p>\n

In Belshaw\u2019s key to the genus\u00a0Phryxe<\/em>,\u00a0P. erythrostoma<\/em>\u00a0runs to couplet 3 (page 54), as the costal section of the wing (between the tips of veins Sc and R1<\/sub>) is bare beneath. The scutellum is vaguely orange apically, but this and other external characters given in Tschorsnig & Herting (1994) are mostly variable. The form of the male circus and surstylus in lateral view are similar toP. vulgaris<\/em>\u00a0(see Fig. 399 in Belshaw 1993). The male of\u00a0erythrostoma<\/em>, however, differs in having the claws about as long as or a little longer than the last tarsomere (see Fig. 145 in Tschorsnig & Herting 1994), while they are shorter in the other British species. Both sexes are also a little larger on average than the other species (8 – 11mm body length; of the specimens examined the male is 9mm and the female 10mm in length).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Phytomyptera (Elfia) minutissima\u00a0<\/em>(Zetterstedt)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nKnown from one specimen collected in 1997 in Wales by Ivan Perry.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Siphona hokkaidensis<\/em>\u00a0Mesnil.<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1999<\/strong>: Chandler (1999b) from males caught in Staffordshire, Yorkshire and Perthshire.<\/td>\nIt is evidently widespread but has probably been overlooked previously among other members of this very uniform genus. Like the common species\u00a0S. geniculata<\/em>\u00a0(De Geer) it is a parasitoid of Tipulidae, the recorded host being\u00a0Tipula irrorata<\/em>\u00a0Macquart which develops under loose bark.The Belshaw key amendment appears in Chandler (1999b):<\/p>\n

Several males\u00a0of Siphona\u00a0<\/em>which ran to\u00a0S. boreata<\/em>Mesnil in the Handbook to the British species of Tachinidae by Belshaw (1993) (page 56) differed from that species in having the first flagellomere (= segment 3 of antenna) more strongly enlarged apically. In the key to the European species by Andersen (1996) these specimens run to S.\u00a0hokkaidensis<\/em>Mesnil, a name which he applied to a newly revised taxon previously misidentified in Europe as\u00a0S. nigricans\u00a0<\/em>(Villeneuve).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Sturmia bella<\/em>\u00a0(Meigen)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1998<\/strong>: recorded by Ford\u00a0et al<\/em>. (2000), based on specimens reared from Inachis io in Hampshire in 1998.<\/td>\nIt is a common parasitoid of Nymphalidae in Europe but nothing can be said as yet of the British status.The Belshaw key amendment appears in Chandler\u00a0et al.<\/em>(2001):<\/p>\n

In Belshaw\u2019s (1993) key to genera\u00a0S. bella<\/em>\u00a0may, when the scutellum has more restricted orange coloration, run to the final couplet (#172 – page 38) since the mid tibia has only one strong anterodorsal seta (some weaker setae are presen immediately basal to it). Within this couplet it agrees with\u00a0Bactromyia aurulenta<\/em>\u00a0(Meigen) in having black palpi, but differs markedly in other characters.\u00a0B. aurulenta<\/em>\u00a0is smaller and has irregular setae in the hind tibia. When the scutellum is more extensively orange, it runs to couplet 170 with\u00a0Blepharipa<\/em>\u00a0and is distinguished from the included species by the same characters.<\/p>\n

[CR: Four figures are provided with the article]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Summary of References<\/h2>\n
    \n
  • Andersen, S. 1996. The Siphonini (Diptera: Tachinidae) of Europe.\u00a0Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica 33<\/em>: 1-148.<\/li>\n
  • Belshaw, R.M. 1993. Tachinid flies. Diptera: Tachinidae.\u00a0Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects, 10<\/em>\u00a0(4a (i)): 1-170.<\/li>\n
  • Chandler, P.J. 1999b.\u00a0Siphona hokkaidensis<\/em>\u00a0Mesnil, 1951 (Diptera, Tachinidae), new to Britain.\u00a0Dipterists Digest (Second Series) 6<\/em>: 116-117.<\/li>\n
  • Chandler, P., Ford, T. & Falk, S. 2001.\u00a0Blepharipa schineri<\/em>\u00a0(Mesnil) new to Britain and notes on recent additions to the British Tachinidae (Diptera).\u00a0Dipterist\u2019s Digest (Second Series) 8<\/em>: 11-17<\/li>\n
  • Clemons, L. 1999. The Phasiinae (Dip.: Tachinidae) of Kent – corrigenda and addenda.\u00a0Entomologist\u2019s Record and Journal of Variation 111<\/em>: 197-198.<\/li>\n
  • Clemons, L. 2001. Phasia (Phasia) barbifrons (Girschner, 1887) (Diptera, Tachinidae), a possibly overlooked species new to Britain.\u00a0Dipeterist\u2019s Digest (Second Series)<\/em>\u00a08: 3-5.<\/li>\n
  • Collins, G.A, Gibbs, D.<\/sup>\u00a0and Raper, C.M., 2002. Paracraspedothrix montivaga\u00a0<\/em>Villeneuve and\u00a0Carcelia bombylans\u00a0<\/em>Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera: Tachinidae) new to Britain.\u00a0Dipterist\u2019s Digest (Second Series)<\/em>\u00a02002 Vol. 9 No. 1<\/li>\n
  • Falk, S. 1998.\u00a0Catharosia pygmaea<\/em>\u00a0(Fall\u00e9n) (Diptera: Tachinidae) new to Britain.\u00a0British Journal of Entomology and Natural History 11<\/em>: 1-5.<\/li>\n
  • Ford, T.H., Shaw, M.R. & Robertson, D.M. 2000. Further host records of some West Palaearctic Tachinidae (Diptera).Entomologist\u2019s Record and Journal of Variation 112<\/em>: 25-36.<\/li>\n
  • Ismay, J.W. 1998.\u00a0Ceromya flaviseta<\/em>\u00a0(Villeneuve) (Diptera, Tachinidae) new to Britain.\u00a0Dipterists Digest (Second Series) 5<\/em>: 28-29.<\/li>\n
  • Plant, C.W. & Smith, D. 1997.\u00a0Clytiomyia continua<\/em>\u00a0(Diptera, Tachindae) confirmed as a British species.\u00a0Dipterists Digest (Second Series) 4<\/em>: 22-23.<\/li>\n
  • Smith, D.A. 1999.\u00a0Catharosia pygmaea<\/em>\u00a0(Fall\u00e9n) (Diptera: Tachinidae): a second record in Essex.\u00a0British Journal of Entomology and Natural History 12<\/em>: 88.<\/li>\n
  • Tschorsnig, H.P. and B. Herting. 1994. Die Raupenfliegen (Diptera: Tachinidae) Mitteleuropas: Bestimmungstabellen und Angaben zur Verbreitung und &Ouml;kologie der einzelnen Arten.\u00a0Stutt. Beitr. Naturk.<\/em>\u00a0(A) 506, 170 pp.<\/li>\n
  • Ziegler, J. 1994. Die Arten der Gattung\u00a0Phasia<\/em>, Untergattung\u00a0Hyalomya<\/em>\u00a0R-D., in Mitteleuropa (Diptera, Tachinidae).\u00a0Studia dipterologica<\/em>\u00a01<\/strong>: 157-180.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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